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Prize Field Nobel Prize Peace, Literature, Medicine, Physics, Chemistry, (From 1901) and Economics (From 1969) Pulitzer Prize Journalism (From 1917) Academy (Oscar) Awards Film (From 1929) Kalinga Award Science (From 1952) Booker Prize Literature (From 1929) Grammy Award Music (From 1958) Ramon Magasaysay Award Government (Public) service, Social service, Journalism, Literature, Communication and International Understanding (From 1957) Bharat Ratna For outstanding contributions in the field of Art/Literature/ Science and Public Service Dada Saheb Phalke Award Film (From 1969) Jnanpith Award Literature (From 1965) Saraswati Samman Literature (From 1991) Vachaspati Samman Sanskrit Literature (From 1992) Shankar Award Indian Philosophy, Culture and Art Vyasa Samman Literature Kabir Samman Socio- communal Harmony Dronachary Award Sports Coaching / Training (From 1985) Arjuna Award Sports (From 1961) Bhatnagar Award Science (1957) Dhanwantari Medical Science (From 1971) Bourlog Award Agriculture (From 1992) National Awards
Republic Day Awards : Bharat Ratna, Padma Vibhushan and Padma Shree are given for exceptional service towards the advancement of Art, Literature and Science and in recognition of public service of a a high (or the highest) order.
Param Vir Chakra : it is the highest Gallantry Award. It is given for extraordinary act of bravery in the field of Naval, Ari and Army.
Mahavir Chakra: it is the second highest Gallantry Award.
Vir Chakra : it is the third highest Gallantry Award.
Bharat Ratna
Bharat Ratna : the highest- civilian award is given for exceptional service the advancement of art, literature and science, and in recognition of public service of the highest order.
- The decoration is in the form of a peepal leaf, about 5.8 cm long, 4.7 cm wide and 3.1 mm thick. It is of toned bronze. On its obverse is embossed a replica of the sun, 1.6 cm in diameter, below which the world “Bharat Ratna” are embossed in Hindi. On the reverse are State emblem and the motto, also in Hindi. The emblem, the sun and the rim are of platinum. The inscriptions are in burnished bronze.
- The first three recipients of Bharat Ratna were C. Rajagopalchari, Dr. S Radhakrishnan and Dr. C.V. Raman in 1954 while Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan was the first foreigner to be honored with this award in 1987.
1954 Chakravarti Rajagopalachari Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishanan, Dr. Chandrasekhar Venkat Raman 1955 Dr,. Bhagwan Das, Dr. Mokshagundam Visvesvaraiya, Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru 1954 Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant 1958 Dr. Dhondo Keshave Karve 1961 Rajarshi Purushottam Das Tandon, Dr. Bidhan Chandra (B.C) Roy 1962 Dr. Rajendra Prasad 1963 Dr. Zakir Hussain, Dr. Pandurang Vaman (P.V) Kane 1966 Lal Bahadur Shastri (PLosthumous) 1980 Mary Teresa Bojaxhiu (Mother Teresa ) 1983 Acharya Vinoba Bhave (Posthumous) 1987 Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan 1988 Marudur Gopalan (MG) Ramachanddran (Posthumous) 1990 Dr. Bhim RAo Ramji Ambedkar (Posthumous), Dr. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela 1991 Rajiv Gandhi (Posthumous), Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel (Posthumous), Morarji Ranchhodji Desai 1992 Jehangir Ratanji Dadabhai (J.R.D) Tata, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (Posthumous), Satyajit Ray (Posthumous) 1997 Aruna Asaf Ali (Posthumous), Guljarilal Nanda (Posthumous), Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen (A.P.J) Abdul Kalam 1998 Madurai Sanmukhavadivu (M.S.) Subbulakshmi, Chidambaram (c.) Subramaniam 1999 Prof. Amartya Sen, Pt. Ravi Shankar, Loknayak Jay Prakash Narayan (Posthumous) and Gopinath Bordoloi (Posthumous) 2001 Lata Dinanath Mangeshkar, Ustad Bismillah Khan 2009 Pt. Bhimsen Gururaj Joshi Note : Lal Bahadur Shastri was the first person to be honoured with Bharat Ratna Posthumously and Indira Gandhi was the first fwoman recipient of Bharat Ratna.
Padma Vibhushan : The award is given for exceptional and distinguished services in any field including service rendered by government servants.
The decoration is circular in design, with a geometrical pattern superimposed on the circle. The diameter of the circular portion is 4.4 cm and the thickness anout 0.6 mm. On the obverse, there is a lotus flower embossssed on the circular space. The word “Padma” is embossed in Hindi above the word “Vibhushan” below the lotus flower. On the reverse are the State emblem and the motto in Hindi. It is of toned bronze. The inscription “Padma Vibhushan” on the obverse, the geometrical pattern on either side and the border around periphery are In burnished bronze. All embossing on either side of decoration is in white gold.
Padma Bhushan : The award is given for distinguished service of a high order in any field, including service rendered by government servants.
- It has the same design as the “Padma Vibhushan”. On its obverse the word “Padma” appears above and the world “Bhushan” below the lotus flower. The inscription “Padma Bhushan” on the obverse, the geometrical pattern on either side and the border around periphery are in burnished bronze. All embossing either side of the decoration is in standard gold.
Padma Shri : The award is given for distinguished service in any field including service rendered by government servants.
- The name of the decoration is embossed in Hindi with the word “Padma” above and the word “Shri” below the lotus flower on the obverse. The inscription “Padma Shri” on the obverse, the geometrical pattern on either side and the border around the periphery are in burnished bronze. All embossing on either side of the decoration I sin stainless steel.
Other National Awards
Apan Menon Memorial Awards : The awards which carries a cash prize of Rs. 1 lakh aims at providing financial assistance to journalists interested in undertaking projects related to international affairs and developmental issues relevant to India and South Asia.
Aditya Vikram Birla Kalashikhar Puraskar : The award is conferred on an artiste in the field of visual and performing arts for lifetime achievement carries Rs. 1.5 lakh in cash, a momento and scroll of honour. Previous recipients of the award include Lata Mangeshkar, M.F. Hussain, Guru Kelucharan Mohapatra, Pandit Ram Narayan, Pandit Bhimsen Joshi.
Gallantry Awards
Param Vir Chakra : The highest decoration for valour is the Param Vir Chakra which is awarded for the most conspicuous bravery or some daring or Pre- eminent act of valour or sself- sacrifice in the presence of the enemy, whether on land, at sea or in the air.
- The decoration is made of bronze and is circular in shape. It has, on the obverse, four replicas of “Indra’s Vajra” embossed round the State emblem in the centre. On the reverse the words “Param Vir Chakra” are embossed both in Hindi and English with two lotus flowers in the middle.
- The decoration is worn on the left breast with a plain purple coloured riband about 3.2 cm in width.
Mahavir Chakra : Mahavir Chakra is the second highest decoration and is awarded for acts of conspicuous gallantry in the presence of enemy, whether on land, at sea or in the air.
- It is made of standard silver and is circular in shape. Embossed on the obverse is a five pointed heraldic star with domed centre- piece bearing the gilded State emblem in the centre. The words “Mahavir Chakra” are embossed both in Hindi and English on the reverse with two lotus flower in the middle. The decoration is worn on the left breast with a half- white and half- orange riband about 3.2 cm in width, the orange being near the left shoulder.
Vir Chakra : Vir Chakra is third in the order of awards given for act of gallantry in the presence of the enemy, whether on land, at sea or in the air.
- The decoration is made of standard silver and is circular in shape. Embossed on the obverse is a five pointed heraldic star which has an Ashoka Chakra in th centre. Within this chakra is a domed centre- piece bearing kgilded State emblem. On the reverse, words “Vir Chakra” are embossed, both in Hindi and English, with two lotus flowers in the middle. The Chakra is worn on the left breast with a half- blue and half- orange riband, about 3.2 cm in width, the orange being nearer the left shoulder.
Ashok Chakra : Ashoka Chakra is the country’s highest peacetime gallantry award equivalent to Param Vir Chakra.
- The Chakra is made of gild gold and is circular in shape. Embossed on the obsverse is a replica of Ahoka Chakra surrounded by a lotus wreath. Along the edge is pattern of lotus leaves, flowers and buds. On the reverse, the words “Ashok Chakra” adre embossed both in Hindi and English, with lotus flowers in the intervening space.
- The Chakra is worn on the left breast with a green silk riband, about 3.2 cim in width and divided into two equal segments by an orange vertical line. Kirti Chakra : The decoration is awarded for conspicuous gallantry. It is made of standard silver and is circular in shape. The obverse and the reverse and exactly and same as in Ashok Chakra.
- The Chakra is worn on the left breast with a green silk riband, about 3.2 cm in width and divided equally into two by orange vertical lines.
Shaurya Chakra : the decoration is awarded for an act of gallantry. It is exactly like Ashok Chakra, except that is made of bronze.
- The Chakra is worn on the left breast with a green silk riband, about 3.2 cm in width and divided into four equal segments by three orange vertical lines.
Param Vishist Seva Medal (PVSM), Ati Vishist Seva Medal (AVSM), Vishist Seva Medal (VSM) : the Vishist SEva Medals are awarded to personnel of all the three services in recognition of distinguished service of the “most exceptional”, “exceptional” and “high” order respectively. Param Vishist SEva Medal is made of gold, Ati Vishist Seva Medal of standard Silver and Vishist Seva Medal of bronze, all circular in shape and 3.5 cm in diameter. Each medal has on its obvese five pinted stars and its reverse the Lion Capitol. Its ribbon is golden with on dark-blue stripe down the centre for Param Vishist Seva Medal, two dark- blue stripes dividing it into three equal parts for Ati Vishist Seva Medal and three Dark- blue stripes dividing it into four equal parts for Vishist Seva Medal.
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